Tjandra Setiadi
This study aimed to investigate the performance of decolorization of batik dye effluent of wastewater treatment plant using ozonation pre-treatment method and bioremediation using white-rot fungi M. palmivorus and P. chrysosporium immobilized in pillow husks media to gain an optimum dye decolorization. Therefore, the treated wastewater could be environmentally safe. Dye wastewater samples were collected and analyzed from a small batik industry in Bandung. The samples were treated in a module system of wastewater treatment comprised of collecting tank, ozone mixing tank, multi-story shelf reactor arranged with fungi-immobilized pillow husks media, and final collecting tank. Dye wastewater was injected with ozone for 2 hours until the ozone concentration reached 0.3 ppm in solution. The wastewater was then incubated for 2 days until all ozone reacted with the dye compounds. Later, wastewater was sprayed into the top of the shelf reactor and streamed through the fungi-immobilized pillow husks media. The samples were analyzed according to the effluent standard of Permen LHK No. P.16/MENLHK/SETJEN/ KUM.1/4/2019. The parameters are namely BOD5, COD, TSS, oil and grease, total phenol, total ammonia (NH3-N), sulfide, total chromium, pH, and color. Samples were analyzed before treatment, after the ozonation process, and after the biological process. Based on the results shown, it can be concluded that dye wastewater from this Batik industry has a characteristics of high organic compound content. Moreover, the dye effluent has a high color concentration.
Penerapan Teknologi Tepat Guna
Batik is a traditional textile art and heritage of Indonesia involving the drawing of motives and patterns using malam (wax). The coloring process of batik fabric commonly uses synthetic colors such as naphthol dyes and indigosol dyes. This coloring process will produce wastewater containing dye compounds, metal, and other pollutants that can degrade the aquatic environment. There are several methods to treat this wastewater from physical and chemical methods such as the use of adsorbent and ozonation to bioremediation using fungi. Ozonation method has several advantages comprising a high rate of dye decolorization, environmentally friendly, and has no chlorine by-product. Bioremediation using white-rot fungi such as Marasmiellus palmivorus and Phanerochaete chrysosporium has been studied intensively and proven to be effective in degrading dye compounds. Many of small scale batik industry has no wastewater treatment plant. Therefore, the development of a batik dye wastewater treatment plant is necessary to solve this problem.